Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L). is one of valuable plants of natural flora. One of the current ways of sea buckthorn study is populational research and selectional estimation of natural undergrowth. The aim of our research was a complex comparative estimation of sea buckthorn natural population on Kazakhstan territory and its taxonomic structure clarification in Kazakhstan part of are. This task is caused by the lack of common opinion about taxonomic structure of Hippophae L. genus and Hippophae rhamnoides L. species. There are contradictory data about it. But the majority of authors are inclined to the opinion that there is only one representative of Hippophae genus on the territory of Russia and CIS as Hippophae rhamnoides species and many researches note its high polymorphism and complex taxonomic structure.

Research zone surveyed Kazakh Altay, Zaisan hollow, Djungar Alatau, North Tian-Shian, Zailyisky Alatau, Cungey Alatau, Ketmen range, Kara-Tau range, West Tian Shian, Kirgiz range, Issik-Kul lake valley. Here the natural undergrowth of sea buckthorn are concentrated in the flood-land of the mounting's rivers and riverside zones of lakes more or less expressed in zones from some meters to some kilometers wide. Its total area is about 30.000 hectares. The carried out research work permits to state that the natural sea buckhorn plantings on the Kazakhstan territory are formed populations, which are quite different. It is proved by the presence of certain differences between them and by all analyzed indications and by the revealed inherent stipulation of mentioned differences. The use of notion "population" concerning sea buckthorn plantings is based on the fact that each planting is isolated by high mountains, vast steppes and deserts which lack this species of plant. Their territories are well formed and have clear borders supported by limiting factors of environment.